PBDB Collection

James T. Thomas estate (Miocene of the United States)

Where: Charles County, Maryland (38.5° N, 76.7° W: paleocoordinates 38.7° N, 73.9° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

When: Calvert Beach Member (Calvert Formation), Serravallian (13.8 - 11.6 Ma)

• Cope refers to the beds as "Yorktown" but they are much more likely to be Calvert Formation since the Yorktown is not thought to crop out in Maryland, DN5. Zones 14-16A are regarded as Serravallian in age.

•

•Age and Member after Weems and Edwards (2007).

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: offshore shelf; lithology not reported

• sparse molluscs, low in diversity; subtropical environment in embayment and dry onshore; area not far from shore, bay, short-term eustatic transgression events, long-term regression trend

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: original phosphate

Primary reference: E. D. Cope. 1867. An addition to the vertebrate fauna of the Miocene period, with a synopsis of the extinct Cetacea of the United States. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 19(4):138-157 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 55396: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 14.10.2005, edited by Austin Hendy

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	Pliorhytis centenaria, Sphaerula subvexa, Cleistophaeridium placacanthum⁸ Pliorhytis centenaria Sphaerula subvexa Cleistophaeridium placacanthum⁸

Life -	Cyclopsiella lusatica⁸ Cyclopsiella lusatica⁸ acritarchs
Anthozoa
Scleractinia - Acroporidae	"Madrepora palmata" = Acropora palmata "Madrepora palmata" = Acropora palmata Lamarck 1816 stony coral
Thecostraca
Balanomorpha - Balanidae	Balanus vulcanellus n. sp., "Balanus proteus" = Chesaconcavus proteus Balanus vulcanellus n. sp. barnacle "Balanus proteus" = Chesaconcavus proteus Conrad 1834 barnacle
Bivalvia
Carditida - Carditidae	Cyclocardia granulata, "Carditamera protracta" = Cardita protracta Cyclocardia granulata Say 1824 clam "Carditamera protracta" = Cardita protracta Conrad 1843 clam
Carditida - Crassatellidae	"Crassatella melina" = Marvacrassatella melina, "Crassatella marylandica" = Marvacrassatella marylandica "Crassatella melina" = Marvacrassatella melina Conrad 1832 clam "Crassatella marylandica" = Marvacrassatella marylandica Conrad 1832 clam
Carditida - Astartidae	Astarte exaltata, Astarte perplana, Astarte undata⁵, Astarte cuneiformis Astarte exaltata clam Astarte perplana Conrad 1840 clam Astarte undata⁵ Gould 1841 clam Astarte cuneiformis Conrad 1840 clam
Lucinida - Lucinidae	"Lucina foremani" = Stewartia foremani, "Lucina contracta" = Lucinoma contracta, "Lucina americana" = Divalinga quadrisulcata "Lucina foremani" = Stewartia foremani Conrad 1841 clam "Lucina contracta" = Lucinoma contracta Say 1824 clam "Lucina americana" = Divalinga quadrisulcata d'Orbigny 1846 clam
Pholadida - Corbulidae	Corbula pectorosa n. sp., "Corbula idonea" = Bicorbula idonea Corbula pectorosa n. sp. clam "Corbula idonea" = Bicorbula idonea Conrad 1833 clam
Cardiida - Chamidae	Chama corticosa Chama corticosa jewel box
Cardiida - Veneridae	"Dione staminaea" = Hysteroconcha, "Dione marylandica" = Hysteroconcha, Mercenaria staminea, Mercenaria cuneata n. sp., Dosinia acetabulum "Dione staminaea" = Hysteroconcha venus clam "Dione marylandica" = Hysteroconcha venus clam Mercenaria staminea quahog Mercenaria cuneata n. sp. Conrad 1869 quahog Dosinia acetabulum Conrad 1832 venus clam
Cardiida - Glossidae	"Isocardia fraterna" = Glossus fraterna, Isocardia markoii "Isocardia fraterna" = Glossus fraterna Say 1824 clam Isocardia markoii clam
Cardiida - Tellinidae	"Metis biplicata" = Florimetis biplicata "Metis biplicata" = Florimetis biplicata Conrad 1834 tellin clam
Cardiida - Cardiidae	"Cardium laqueatum" = Chesacardium laqueatum "Cardium laqueatum" = Chesacardium laqueatum Conrad 1830 cockle
Ostreida - Ostreidae	Ostreidae indet.¹, Ostrea trachydiscus n. sp. Ostreidae indet.¹ Rafinesque 1815 oyster Ostrea trachydiscus n. sp. oyster
Ostreida - Malleidae	Isognomon tortum Isognomon tortum oyster
Ostreida - Pinnidae	Pinna sp. Pinna sp. Linnaeus 1758 oyster
Pectinida - Pectinoidae	Pecten humphreysii, "Pecten jeffersonius" = Chesapecten jeffersonius, "Pecten madisonius" = Chesapecten madisonius, "Pecten marylandicus" = Placopecten marylandica, "Pecten virginianus" = Placopecten virginiana, "Pecten clintonius" = Placopecten clintonius, "Pecten cerinus n. sp." = Eburneopecten cerinus Pecten humphreysii Conrad 1842 scallop "Pecten jeffersonius" = Chesapecten jeffersonius Say 1824 scallop "Pecten madisonius" = Chesapecten madisonius Say 1824 scallop "Pecten marylandicus" = Placopecten marylandica Wagner 1839 scallop "Pecten virginianus" = Placopecten virginiana Conrad 1840 scallop "Pecten clintonius" = Placopecten clintonius Say 1824 scallop "Pecten cerinus n. sp." = Eburneopecten cerinus Conrad 1869 scallop
Pectinida - Anomiidae	Anomia multilineata Anomia multilineata jingle
Arcida - Noetiidae	Noetia carolinensis Noetia carolinensis clam
Arcida - Glycymerididae	Glycymeris americana⁵, "Axinaea lentiformis" = Glycymeris Glycymeris americana⁵ Defrance 1826 clam "Axinaea lentiformis" = Glycymeris clam
Arcida - Arcidae	Arca callipleura, Arca improcera Arca callipleura ark Arca improcera ark
Gastropoda
Lepetellida - Fissurellidae	"Fissurella redimicula" = Diodora redimicula "Fissurella redimicula" = Diodora redimicula Say 1824 snail
Neogastropoda - Muricidae	Ecphora quadricostata Ecphora quadricostata Conrad 1830 murex snail
Sorbeoconcha - Ranellidae	"Bursa centrosa n. sp." = Tritonium centrosum "Bursa centrosa n. sp." = Tritonium centrosum Cope 1867 triton
Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae	Lunatia catenoides Lunatia catenoides moon snail
Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae	Scala pachypleura Scala pachypleura Conrad 1841 wentletrap
Cerithioidea - Turritellidae	"Turritella alticostata" = Turritella (Turritella) alticostata, Turritella indenta "Turritella alticostata" = Turritella (Turritella) alticostata Conrad 1834 turret shell Turritella indenta Conrad 1841 turret shell
Craniata
Craniida - Craniidae	"Orbicula lububris" = Neocrania "Orbicula lububris" = Neocrania
Chondrichthyes
Hexanchiformes - Hexanchidae	"Notidanus plectrodon n. sp." = Notorynchus cepedianus, Notidanus primigeneus "Notidanus plectrodon n. sp." = Notorynchus cepedianus Peron 1807 cow shark Notidanus primigeneus cow shark
Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae	Sphyrna sp., Sphyrna magna, "Galeocerdo laevissimus n. sp." = Sphyrna laevissima Sphyrna sp. Rafinesque 1810 hammerhead shark Sphyrna magna Cope 1868 hammerhead shark "Galeocerdo laevissimus n. sp." = Sphyrna laevissima Cope 1867 hammerhead shark
Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae	Hemipristis serra Hemipristis serra Agassiz 1835 ground shark
Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae	"Galeocerdo contortus" = Physogaleus contortus "Galeocerdo contortus" = Physogaleus contortus Gibbes 1847 requiem shark
Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae	Galeocerdo appendiculatus, Galeocerdo sp., Galeocerdo aduncus, Galeocerdo latidens, Galeocerdo egertoni Galeocerdo appendiculatus tiger shark Galeocerdo sp. Müller and Henle 1837 tiger shark Galeocerdo aduncus Agassiz 1835 tiger shark Galeocerdo latidens Agassiz 1835 tiger shark Galeocerdo egertoni Agassiz 1843 tiger shark
Lamniformes - Carchariidae	"Lamna hopei" = Carcharias hopei "Lamna hopei" = Carcharias hopei Agassiz 1843 sand shark
Lamniformes - Odontaspididae	"Lamna cuspidata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus, "Lamna denticulata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus "Lamna cuspidata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus Agassiz 1843 sand tiger shark "Lamna denticulata" = Araloselachus cuspidatus Agassiz 1843 sand tiger shark
Lamniformes - Otodontidae	"Carcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon, Otodus obliquus, "Carcharodon ? angustidens" = Otodus (Carcharocles) angustidens, "Otodus appendiculatus" = Cretalamna appendiculata "Carcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon Agassiz 1835 megalodon Otodus obliquus Agassiz 1838 mackerel shark "Carcharodon ? angustidens" = Otodus (Carcharocles) angustidens Agassiz 1835 mackerel shark "Otodus appendiculatus" = Cretalamna appendiculata Agassiz 1835 mackerel shark
Lamniformes - Mitsukurinidae	"Lamna ? subulata" = Scapanorhynchus subulatus, "Lamna elegans" = Striatolamia macrota "Lamna ? subulata" = Scapanorhynchus subulatus Agassiz 1843 goblin shark "Lamna elegans" = Striatolamia macrota Agassiz 1838 goblin shark
Heterodontiformes - Heterodontidae	"Sphyrna prisca" = Cestracion prisca "Sphyrna prisca" = Cestracion prisca Agassiz 1843 bullhead shark
Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae	Myliobatis gigas, Myliobatis vicomicanus, Myliobatis pachyodon Myliobatis gigas Cope 1868 eagle ray Myliobatis vicomicanus Cope 1868 eagle ray Myliobatis pachyodon Cope 1868 eagle ray
Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae	"Raja dux" = Trygon dux "Raja dux" = Trygon dux Cope 1867 whiptail stingray
Myliobatiformes - Aetobatidae	Aetobatis profundus n. sp., Aetobatus arcuatus, "Aetobatis arcuatus" = Aetobatus irregularis⁶ Aetobatis profundus n. sp. Cope 1867 stingray Aetobatus arcuatus Agassiz 1843 stingray [entered as Aetobatis arcuatus] "Aetobatis arcuatus" = Aetobatus irregularis⁶ Agassiz 1843 stingray
Reptilia
Testudines - Cheloniidae	Chelone sp. Chelone sp. Linnaeus 1758 sea turtle
Testudines - Pantrionychidae	Trionyx cellulosus Trionyx cellulosus Cope 1868 turtle
Crocodylia -	Thecachampsa sericodon n. sp., "Thecachampsa contusor n. sp." = Thecachampsa antiquus Thecachampsa sericodon n. sp. Cope 1867 crocodilian ANSP 9443-9445 - type "Thecachampsa contusor n. sp." = Thecachampsa antiquus Leidy 1852 crocodilian ANSP 9152 - type
Aves
Procellariiformes - Procellariidae	Puffinus sp.⁹, Puffinus conradi n. sp.⁷ Puffinus sp.⁹ Brisson 1760 shearwater Puffinus conradi n. sp.⁷ Marsh 1870 shearwater
Mammalia
Cetacea -	"Delphinapterus lacertosus n. sp." = Tretosphys lacertosus³, "Delphinapterus hawkinsii n. sp." = Tretosphys lacertosus³, "Delphinapterus ruschenbergeri n. sp." = Tretosphys ruschenbergeri³, "Delphinapterus gabbii n. sp." = Tretosphys gabbii³, Priscodelphinus spinosus n. sp.³, Priscodelphinus acutidens n. sp., Priscodelphinus atropius n. sp.³, Priscodelphinus stenus n. sp.³ "Delphinapterus lacertosus n. sp." = Tretosphys lacertosus³ Cope 1868 toothed whale "Delphinapterus hawkinsii n. sp." = Tretosphys lacertosus³ Cope 1868 toothed whale "Delphinapterus ruschenbergeri n. sp." = Tretosphys ruschenbergeri³ Cope 1868 toothed whale "Delphinapterus gabbii n. sp." = Tretosphys gabbii³ Cope 1868 toothed whale Priscodelphinus spinosus n. sp.³ Cope 1868 toothed whale Priscodelphinus acutidens n. sp. Cope 1867 toothed whale Priscodelphinus atropius n. sp.³ Cope 1868 toothed whale Priscodelphinus stenus n. sp.³ Cope 1868 toothed whale
Cetacea - Platanistidae	Zarhachis flagellator n. gen. n. sp.³ Zarhachis flagellator n. gen. n. sp.³ Cope 1868 toothed whale
Cetacea -	Squalodon wymanii n. sp., Rhabdosteus latiradix n. gen. n. sp.², "Squalodon mento n. sp." = Delphinodon mento² Squalodon wymanii n. sp. Cope 1867 toothed whale it is not clear which locality Squalodon wymanii is from. Only described as Miocene of Charles County, MD. Rhabdosteus latiradix n. gen. n. sp.² Cope 1867 toothed whale "Squalodon mento n. sp." = Delphinodon mento² Cope 1867 toothed whale It is not clear which locality Squalodon mento is actually from.
Cetacea - Physeteridae	Orycterocetus crocodilinus Orycterocetus crocodilinus Cope 1867 sperm whale
Cetacea -	Cetophis heteroclitus n. gen. n. sp.³, Ixacanthus coelospondylus n. gen. n. sp.³ Cetophis heteroclitus n. gen. n. sp.³ Cope 1868 toothed whale Ixacanthus coelospondylus n. gen. n. sp.³ Cope 1868 toothed whale
Cetacea - Balaenopteridae	? Balaenoptera cephalus⁸ ? Balaenoptera cephalus⁸ Cope 1867 rorqual
Cetacea - Cetotheriidae	"Delphinapterus tyrannus n. sp." = Cetotherium parvum³ "Delphinapterus tyrannus n. sp." = Cetotherium parvum³ Trouessart 1898 whale
Cetacea -	"Megaptera expansa n. sp." = Eschrichtius expansus³, "Balaenoptera pusilla n. sp." = Eschrichtius pusillus⁴ "Megaptera expansa n. sp." = Eschrichtius expansus³ Cope 1868 whale "Balaenoptera pusilla n. sp." = Eschrichtius pusillus⁴ Cope 1868 whale
Actinopteri
Scombriformes -	"Sphyraena speciosa" = Sphyraenodus speciosus "Sphyraena speciosa" = Sphyraenodus speciosus Leidy 1856
Crassatella undulata
-	"Crassatella undulata" = Kalolophus antillarum "Crassatella undulata" = Kalolophus antillarum Reeve 1842

Dinoflagellata -	Pentadinium cf. latincinctum⁸ Pentadinium cf. latincinctum⁸ subspecies granulatum
Dinophyceae
Peridiniales - Protoperidiniaceae	Sumatradinium druggii⁸ Sumatradinium druggii⁸
Peridiniales -	Tectatodinium pellitum⁸, Tuberculodinium vancampoae⁸ Tectatodinium pellitum⁸ Tuberculodinium vancampoae⁸ Wall 1967
Peridiniales - Deflandreaceae	Palaeocystodinium golzowense⁸ Palaeocystodinium golzowense⁸ Alberti 1961
Gonyaulacales -	Labyrinthodinium truncatum⁸, Batiacasphaera sphaerica⁸, Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata⁸ Labyrinthodinium truncatum⁸ Batiacasphaera sphaerica⁸ Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata⁸ Bujak and Matsuoka 1986
Gonyaulacales - Gonyaulacaceae	Lingulodinium macherophorum⁸, Habibacysta tectata⁸, Operculodinium piaseckii⁸, Operculodinium centrocarpum⁸ Lingulodinium macherophorum⁸ Habibacysta tectata⁸ Operculodinium piaseckii⁸ Operculodinium centrocarpum⁸ Wall 1967
-	Hystrichosphaeropsis obscura⁸, Spiniferites sp.⁸, Spiniferites mirabilis⁸ Hystrichosphaeropsis obscura⁸ Spiniferites sp.⁸ Mantell 1850 Spiniferites mirabilis⁸ Sarjeant 1970

¹Bouchet et al. 2005; ²Cope 1867; ³Cope 1868; ⁴Cope 1868; ⁵Hendy et al. 2008; ⁶Leriche 1942; ⁷Marsh 1870; ⁸Weems and Edwards 2007; ⁹Wetmore 1926